{"id":599,"date":"2013-10-23T10:46:22","date_gmt":"2013-10-23T10:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html"},"modified":"2015-03-17T20:16:29","modified_gmt":"2015-03-17T20:16:29","slug":"periodontitis-and-smoking","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking\/","title":{"rendered":"Smoking and Periodontal Diseases"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Both current and former smokers have an increased prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases <\/li>\n<li>Level of risk is proportionate to number of pack years<\/li>\n<li>There is a linear and direct correlation between smoking and attachment loss with effects even at a low level of smoking <\/li>\n<li>Smokers show approximately half as much improvement in probing depths and clinical attachment levels following non surgical and various surgical modalities of therapy<\/li>\n<li>evidence from cross-sectional and case control studies in various populations demonstrates that adult smokers are approximately 3 times as likely as non-smokers to have periodontitis<\/li>\n<li>The periodontal status of former smokers ranks between current smokers and those who have never smoked <\/li>\n<li>86-90% of refractory periodontitis cases are smokers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<strong><br \/>\nClinical appearance of smoking-associated periodontitis <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gingiva tends to be fibrotic with thickened rolled margins<\/li>\n<li>Minimal gingival redness or edema relative to disease severity<\/li>\n<li>Relatively severe and widespread disease (more probing depth, attachment loss, and tooth loss) compared to a person the same age who never smoked<\/li>\n<li>Proportionately greater pocketing in anterior and maxillary lingual sites<\/li>\n<li>Gingival recession in anterior segments<\/li>\n<li>No association between periodontal status and plaque or calculus scores<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<em>From: Haber J Current Opinion in Periodontology 1994<br \/>\nJohnson G, Hill M (2004). Cigarette smoking and the periodontal patient.  Journal of Periodontology;75:196-209.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases Both current and former smokers have an increased prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases Level of risk is proportionate to number of pack years There is a linear and direct correlation between smoking and attachment loss with effects even at a low level of smoking Smokers show approximately half as much improvement in probing depths and clinical attachment levels following non surgical and various surgical modalities of therapy evidence from cross-sectional and case control studies in various populations demonstrates that adult smokers are approximately 3 times as likely as non-smokers to have periodontitis The periodontal status of former smokers ranks between current smokers and those who have never smoked 86-90% of refractory periodontitis cases are smokers &nbsp; Clinical appearance of smoking-associated periodontitis Gingiva tends to be fibrotic with thickened rolled margins Minimal gingival redness or edema relative to disease severity Relatively severe and widespread disease (more probing depth, attachment loss, and tooth loss) compared to a person the same age who never smoked Proportionately greater pocketing in anterior and maxillary lingual sites Gingival recession in anterior segments No association between periodontal status and plaque or calculus scores &nbsp; From: Haber J Current Opinion in Periodontology 1994 Johnson G, Hill M (2004). Cigarette smoking and the periodontal patient. Journal of Periodontology;75:196-209.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":589,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-599","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Periocenter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/periocenter.gr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-03-17T20:16:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html\",\"name\":\"Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2013-10-23T10:46:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-03-17T20:16:29+00:00\",\"description\":\"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Periodontology\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics.html\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Smoking and Periodontal Diseases\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/\",\"name\":\"Periocenter\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0394\u03c1. \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 D.D.S.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tasoulis-george.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tasoulis-george.jpg\",\"width\":338,\"height\":110,\"caption\":\"\u0394\u03c1. \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 D.D.S.\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/periocenter.gr\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCq8sjPIWse0CIm0txhnnHWQ\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7","description":"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7","og_description":"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.","og_url":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html","og_site_name":"Periocenter","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/periocenter.gr\/","article_modified_time":"2015-03-17T20:16:29+00:00","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html","url":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html","name":"Smoking and Periodontal Disease | \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0399\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2013-10-23T10:46:22+00:00","dateModified":"2015-03-17T20:16:29+00:00","description":"Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal diseases. With smoking periodontitis progress 4 times faster. Smokers show half the improvement when compared to non smokers.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics\/periodontitis-and-smoking.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Periodontology","item":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/periodontics.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Smoking and Periodontal Diseases"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/","name":"Periocenter","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#organization","name":"\u0394\u03c1. \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 D.D.S.","url":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tasoulis-george.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/tasoulis-george.jpg","width":338,"height":110,"caption":"\u0394\u03c1. \u0393\u03b9\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 D.D.S."},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/periocenter.gr\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCq8sjPIWse0CIm0txhnnHWQ"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=599"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/599\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/periocenter.gr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}